Suchergebnisse

Elisha ben Abraham Cresques war ein jüdischer Schreiber, Illuminator und Kartograph, der während der 2. Hälfte des 14. Jh. in Mallorca tätig war. Seine wesentlichsten Werke sind die sogenannte Farhi Bibel, ein reich illuminerter Codex, der ausser der Bibel noch zahlreiche andere kleine Texte zum Inhalt hat, sowie der Katalanische Atlas in Paris. Wie Elisha in seinem Kolophon ausdrücklich angibt, fertigte er die Bibel für sich selbst und seine Familie an. Der Aufsatz analysiert die ausser-biblischen Texte und versucht mit deren Hilfe ein intellektuelles Profil Elishas zu erstellen.

This report summarizes the activities and outcomes of a collaborative planning project supported by The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and organized by University Libraries at Virginia Tech, in collaboration with Virginia Tech Center for Humanities and the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). A diverse group of archivists, librarians, humanists, technologists, information scientists, and computer scientists were convened for a five-part online workshop series to discuss and plan how artificial intelligence and machine learning could be used to ensure public access to the massive and ever-growing collection of government records in the NARA digital catalog. During the workshop, participants identified requirements, developed conceptual models, and discussed a work plan for a subsequent pilot project that would apply state-of-the-art tools and technologies to increase the effectiveness of archival programs and broaden public access to the important content in the NARA catalog. The workshop focused on humanistic and equitability issues of artificial intelligence and developing ethical, human-centered technology that promotes the public good. As such, the topic of intentional mitigation of AI bias was a thread that ran through the entirety of the workshop. ; The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation ; Unpublished version

In recent years there has been a resurgence of interest both in scholarly communication as a research area and in the application of bibliometrics as a research method. This special issue attempts to review current research that applies bibliometric techniques to research questions in scholarly communication. We consider scholarly communication to be the study of how scholars in any field use and disseminate information through formal and informal channels, whereas bibliometrics is the application of mathematics and statistical methods to books and other media of communication. We propose a matrix for the intersection of these two topics of variables studied (producers, artifacts, and concepts of communication) by research questions asked (characterizing scholarly communities, evolution of scholarly communities, evaluation of scholarly contributions, and the diffusion of ideas). Research in these areas is reviewed, and articles in this issue are set in the context of the matrix. Reliability and validity issues in the application of bibliometrics are reviewed briefly.

Only a few studies in communication research have focused on bibliometrics or scholarly communication per se, but these concepts are closely tied to strong traditions of communication research in content analysis and organizational communication. Bibliometric studies are becoming common in several fields of science because of the number and accessibility of electronic databases as well as the development of conceptual frameworks in which bibliometric measures are indicative of social processes such as the evolution of scientific specialties and the diffusion of innovations. Research on scholarly communication, and more narrowly on scientific communication, is receiving growing attention because of the problems and costs of disseminating information to scientists, practitioners, and policymakers. With its focus on informal and formal communication processes, this research clearly falls within the province of communication research. However, many of the studies have been conducted by information scientists with a practical need to improve scientific information systems. Communication researchers are beginning to apply bibliometric methods to topics ranging from political communication to the new media. Bibliometrics and the study of scholarly communication present an opportunity for communication researchers and information scientists to collaborate in an area of common interest.

This article reviews biological and anthropological literatute on wild and tame Rangifer to demonstrate the powerful effect that this species has had on the imaginations of biologists, social scientists and local hunters. Through identifying a general 'human interest' in Rangifer, the author argues that there is great potential for these three communities to work together. To demonstrate this idea, the paper reviews several examples of successful and unsuccessful 'alliances' between local peoples and both natural and social scientists which have had a fundamental impact upon the history of these sciences. The paper examines recent theorerical models which suggest that human action is a major factor in the behaviour and ecology of the animals. The paper also analyses the ideas of many indigenous people for whom there is no categorical difference between semi-domesticated, semi-sedentary and migratory Rangifer through comparison with many 'anomalous' texts in English and Russian language wildlife biology. By reviewing the history of scholarly interest in Rangifer, the author argues that contemporary models of Rangifer behaviour and identity could be 'revitalised' and 'recalibrated' through the establishment of that dialogue between scientists and local peoples which so characterised the 19th century. Such a dialogue, it is argued, would help mediate many of the political conflicts now appearing in those districts where Rangifer migrate.

This essay discusses the formation of "Italian travellers to Iran" as both a popular idea and scientific category. In the three decades after the Second World War, Italy and Iran were going through deep transformations and entered a phase of intense political, economic and cultural relations. In this context, scholarly interests and political agendas jointly contributed to a representation of past travellers as the manifestation of an imagined and almost eternal connection between the two civilizations. This narrative served to rhetorically enhance the role played by both countries in the history of mankind, and the contribution they could still give to humanity as nations among nations. However, these events may have also left their mark on how the history of connections between Italy and Iran, and the history of Iranian studies in Italy, are represented in scholarly milieus.

Cover page -- Halftitle page -- Series page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Dedication -- EDITORIAL PREFACE TO MODERNIST ARCHIVES -- CONTENTS -- CONTRIBUTORS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- ARCHIVAL SOURCES -- NOTE ON THE EDITION -- CHRONOLOGY -- Introduction -- PART I: A SHORT LIFE OF LILI ELBE -- PART II: A SHORT HISTORY OF SEXOLOGY -- PART III: MAN INTO WOMAN AND MODERNIST LIFE WRITING -- PART IV: COMPOSITIONAL AND PUBLICATION HISTORY -- PART V: CONTRIBUTORS' ESSAYS -- Corpus -- MAN INTO WOMAN -- LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS -- Introduction -- Foreword -- I -- II -- III -- IV -- V -- VI -- VII -- VIII -- IX -- X -- XI -- XII -- XIII -- XIV -- XV -- XVI -- XVII -- XVIII -- XIX -- XX -- XXI -- XXII -- DUSK -- Textual Notes -- New Essays on Man Into Woman -- The Binary Bind: Inversion, Intersexuality and Interest in a Very Queer Künstlerroman -- WHEN IS "ENOUGH" ENOUGH? -- AUTOGRAPHY AS TECHNOLOGY OF THE SELF -- TROPES AND CONSEQUENCES -- A QUEER KÜNSTLERROMAN? -- NOTES -- Current and Historical Notions of Sexed Embodiment and Transition in Relation to Lili Elvenes -- NOTES -- Man into Woman: A Modernist Experimental Genre -- NOTES -- Magic and Medicine: Man into Woman and Anthropology -- WYNDHAM LEWIS AND THE "TRANSFORMED SHAMAN" -- ANTHROPOLOGY AS THINKING ABOUT GENDER -- NOTES -- Getting the Lili We Deserve? Telling a Different Story of Lili Elbe through the Portraits of Gerda Wegener -- THE CONTESTED HISTORY OF MAN INTO WOMAN -- REPRODUCING WELL-KNOWN CINEMATIC TROPES -- LILI THE SELF-ASSURE MODEL -- A QUEER UNIVERSE -- LESBIAN POSSIBILITIES -- EXIT: GETTING THE LILI WE DESERVE? -- NOTES -- A Pretty Knot of Lilies: Disentangling Lili Elbe's longue durée in Pop Culture -- THE IMAGE COMMODITY LILI: SEXING UP SEXUAL INDETERMINACY -- THE TRAGIC-TRANSGENDER LILI: SUFFERING FOR SEXUAL INDETERMINACY -- NOTES -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- INDEX.

For the past half‐century, political scientists and historians have given much intellectual support to the growth of presidential power. They have imbued the presidency with magical qualities of expertise and good intentions, motivated by the "national interest" rather than the local and parochial ambitions that supposedly drive members of Congress. In this decision to concentrate power in the president, scholars gave short shrift to legal boundaries and constitutional principles, including checks and balances and separation of powers. Supported by the academic community, presidents now regularly claim that the Constitution allows them to wage war against other countries without receiving either a declaration or authorization from Congress.

For the past half-century, political scientists & historians have given much intellectual support to the growth of presidential power. They have imbued the presidency with magical qualities of expertise & good intentions, motivated by the "national interest" rather than the local & parochial ambitions that supposedly drive members of Congress. In this decision to concentrate power in the president, scholars gave short shrift to legal boundaries & constitutional principles, including checks & balances & separation of powers. Supported by the academic community, presidents now regularly claim that the Constitution allows them to wage war against other countries without receiving either a declaration or authorization from Congress. 62 References. Adapted from the source document.